This article examines the role of four key education and training institutions—the University of the South Pacific (USP), the Fiji Institute of Technology (FIT), the Fiji National Training Council (FNTC), and the Fiji Garment Training Centre (FGTC)—in enhancing human resource development for the garment industry in Fiji. The central argument of this paper is that these four key institutions will have to play a pivotal role in developing and enhancing human resource skills so that Fiji can meet the challenges of restructuring its garment industry to maintain international competitiveness. It is argued that these institutions need further capacity building and development to help achieve this goal.