SPC_KIR_2023_HIES_v01_M_v01_A_PUF
Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2023
HIES 2023
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Kiribati | KIR |
Income/Expenditure/Household Survey [hh/ies]
The 2023/24 Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) of Kiribati is the fourth of its kind to be conducted by the country. The previous HIES surveys took place in 1996, 2006 and 2019/20.
The purpose of the Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) survey is to obtain information on the income, consumption pattern, incidence of poverty, and saving propensities for different groups of people in Kiribati. This information will be used to guide policy makers in framing socio-economic developmental policies and in initiating financial measures for improving economic conditions of the people.
Some more specific outputs from the survey are listed below:
a) To obtain expenditure weights and other useful data for the revision of the consumer price index;
b) To supplement the data available for use in compiling official estimates of household accounts in the systems of national accounts;
c) To supply basic data needed for policy making in connection with social and economic planning;
d) To provide data for assessing the impact on household living conditions of existing or proposed economic and social measures, particularly changes in the structure of household expenditures and in household consumption;
e) To gather information on poverty lines and incidence of poverty throughout Kiribati.
Sample survey data [ssd]
Household and individual
Version 01: Cleaned, labelled and anonymized version of the master file.
2025-06-09
-HOUSEHOLD: Dwelling characteristics, Housing expenditure, Household operations, Food expenditure; Sanitation; Water access; Energy; Agriculture; Fisheries; Hunting; Handicraft; Transport; Travel; Financial support; Ceremonies; Food insecurity; Copra production; Legal services.
-INDIVIDUAL: Demographic characteristics; Education; Health; Communication; Alcohol and narcotics; Other individual expenditure; Economic activities; Income; Remittances.
National coverage and regional island groups (Northern Gilberts, South Tarawa, Central Giberts, Southern Gilberts, Linix).
The survey covered all persons resident in private households.
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Kiribati National Statistics Office | Ministry of Finance and Economic Development of Kiribati |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Statistics for Development Division | Pacific Community | Technical assistance |
| World Bank | World Bank Group | Technical assistance |
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| Kiribati Government | Funding of survey |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| International Labour Organization | ILO | Technical assistance for labour indicators |
| Food and Agriculture Organization | FAO | Technical assistance for Food Insecurity and Experience Scale module |
The survey scope of the 2023/24 Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) was all occupied private households listed from the 2023 household listing conducted by Kiribati National Statistics Office (KNSO). The listing was intended to update the boundaries of PSUs (Primary Sampling Units, e.g. enumeration areas) with the location of occupied dwellings for survey purposes. There were no islands or PSUs excluded from the random selection in the sample design of the 2023/24 Kiribati HIES.
The sample was designed to produce robust estimates on household's expenditure and income patterns at the island group levels, urban and rural areas and national level. The sample size was computed using the performance of the previous 2019 HIES at the island groups level. A two-stage, stratified sampling approach was adopted where:
A total of 190 PSUs where selected, with a cluster size of 12 households (list A to interview in priority). The expected sample size was then 2,280 complete interviews.
To achieve this objective, the sample size has been increased by additional 6 households (list B in case of replacement) within each selected PSU to address non-response. The main reason for non-response was the absence or the unavailability of the household members at the time of the interview.
Overall, 2,418 interviews were successfully completed, which is more that was expected. This high completion rate (106%) is due to the following factors:
From round 24 field work instructions changes and fieldworkers were supposed to increase the cluster size by adding to the selected households the replacement ones. From round 24 to round 34, the average cluster size was 14.2.
Sampling weights were calculated using the following two steps:
The questionnaires were developped both in English and in I-Kiribati.
The questionnaire was administered through face-to-face interviews, with data entry conducted using Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) software. The questionnaire was divided into 2 main sections made of the following modules:
· Individual sections:
o Demographic characteristics
o Education
o Health (including functional difficulties)
o Communication
o Alcohol, tobacco and kava
o Other individual expenses
o Labour force
o Food away from home (FAFH)
o Remittances
o Social protection
o Migrant workers
· Household level modules:
o Food recall
o Non-food recall
o Partaker
o Dwelling characteristics
o Assets
o Home maintenance
o Vehicles
o International trips
o Domestic trips
o Household services
o Financial support
o Other household expenditure
o Ceremonies
o Food insecurity
o Fisheries
o Livestock
o Agriculture
o Handicraft and home-processed food
o Deprivation
o Natural disasters & climate change impacts
Data was collected using the Survey Solutions software. Once fieldwork was done, the data was downloaded directly from the Survey Solutions application and data editing was initiated.
| Start | End | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 2023-06-05 | 2024-06-06 | Fieldwork |
| Name | Affiliation | Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|
| Kiribati National Statistics Office | Kiribati Government | KNSO |
There was a total of 6 teams. All team had 1 supervisor and 2 interviewers except the Christmas Island team who had 4 interviewers.
The fieldwork started in June 2023 and ended in June 2024. During this 12-month period, 34 rounds were completed. A survey round is a 10-day period during which a team was in charge of the completion of one PSU (initially 12 households). The sample within each island group has been spread across the 12-month period to account for seasonality of events.
The fieldwork was carried out by a total of 6 teams, and each team consisted of 2 interviewers and 1 supervisor. Each interviewer was responsible for 6 interviews per round (from initial plan). This workload increased up to 8 or 9 after round 24.
The questionnaire was administered through face-to-face interviews, with data entry conducted using Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI) software.
Data editing was done using the Stata software. A total of 10 Stata do-files were created to clean the Kiribati Household Income and Expenditue Survey data.
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Kiribati National Statistics Office | Ministry of Finance and Economic Development | https://nso.gov.ki/ | director@nso.gov.ki |
| Is signing of a confidentiality declaration required? | Confidentiality declaration text |
|---|---|
| yes | The Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) data is protected under the National Statistics Act and cannot be disclosed to any individual without authorisation from the Government Statistician. |
Public-use file.
Users and Depositors should note that the data and documentation in the Pacific Data Hub Microdata Library do not belong to the archive but to the individual depositors (data owners of the data) to the archive.
Note: Prior to distributing certain licensed data and documentation, the Pacific Community (SPC) has to contact the data owner in order to obtain permission and that may cause some delays with microdata release.
"Kiribati National Statistics Office, Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2023 (HIES 2023), Version 01 of the publicly available dataset (June 2025), provided by the Pacific Data Hub - Microdata Library. https://microdata.pacificdata.org/index.php/home"
All publications need to be cleared by National Statistics Office (NSO) before publication as under the Statistics Act the NSO only has authority to publish national statistical data.
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Government Statistician | Kiribati National Statistics Office | stats@nso.gov.ki | https://nso.gov.ki/ |
DDI_SPC_KIR_2023_HIES_v01_M_v01_A_PUF
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Statistics for Development Division | SDD | Pacific Community (SPC) | Documentation of the survey |
2025-06-16
-Version 1: This is the first attempt at documenting the 2023/24 Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) of Kiribati. Done by the Pacific Community (SPC) at Noumea, New Caledonia.