Population and Housing Census 1996
Fiji, 1996
Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics
Identification
IDNO
SPC_FJI_1996_PHC_v01_M
Title
Population and Housing Census 1996
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Fiji | FJI |
Abstract
The objectives of Census changed over time shifting from earlier years where they were essentially household registrations and counts, to now where a national population census stands supreme as the most valuable single source of statistical data for the Fiji Islands.
Census data is now widely used to evaluate:
- The availability of basic household needs in key sectors, to identify disadvantaged areas and help set priorities for action plans;
- Benefits of development programmes in particular areas, such as literacy, employment and family planning;
In addition, census data is useful to asses manpower resources, identify areas of social concern and for the improvement in the social and economic status of women by giving more information about this formerly “hidden half" of the Fiji Islands population and formulating housing policies and programmes and investment of development funds.
Census data is now widely used to evaluate:
- The availability of basic household needs in key sectors, to identify disadvantaged areas and help set priorities for action plans;
- Benefits of development programmes in particular areas, such as literacy, employment and family planning;
In addition, census data is useful to asses manpower resources, identify areas of social concern and for the improvement in the social and economic status of women by giving more information about this formerly “hidden half" of the Fiji Islands population and formulating housing policies and programmes and investment of development funds.
Kind of Data
Census/enumeration data [cen]
Version
Version number
Version 01: Edited version of the raw data captured by the Data Entry Operators during the Data Entry Stage.
Version Date
1998-06
Scope
Topic Classification
| Topic | Vocabulary | URI |
|---|---|---|
| employment [3.1] | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
| housing [10.1] | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
| censuses [14.1] | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
| fertility [14.2] | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
| migration [14.3] | CESSDA | http://www.nesstar.org/rdf/common |
Keywords
| Keyword |
|---|
| Population Census |
| Demographic Statistics |
| Disability |
| Education |
| Labour force |
| Fiji Islands |
| PHC |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The Population Census covers the whole of the Fiji Islands, which includes the 15 provinces and both urban and rural areas.
Unit of Analysis
- Individuals in a private household dwelling, institutions and non-private dwellings
- Households.
- Households.
Universe
The Census covers all individuals living in private and non-private dwellings and institutions.
Producers and sponsors
Authoring entity/Primary investigators
| Agency Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | Ministry of Finance and National Planning |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name |
|---|
| Government of Fiji |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| District Offices | Ministry of Regional Development & Rural Housing | Administrative services of their respective districts |
| Fiji Land Information System | Ministry of Lands | Mapping and GIS |
| United Nations Population Fund | UNFPA | Assistance to Mapping and GIS |
| Pacific Community | SPC | Assistance to Mapping and GIS |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
There is no sampling for the population census, full coverage.
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection (YYYY/MM/DD)
| Start date | End date |
|---|---|
| 1996-08-25 | 1996-09-03 |
Time periods (YYYY/MM/DD)
| Start date | End date | Cycle |
|---|---|---|
| 1991-08-25 | 1996-08-27 | internal migration |
| 1996-09-03 | 1996-09-03 | internal migration |
Mode of data collection
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
A total of eight permanent staff in the Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics were deployed for Census work and this was progressive, beginning in 1994 up to when the full team was engaged from February 1996 to a month following the census enumeration.
For the census, the country is divided into districts of which there is a census superintendent, who generally is the district officer, and who takes charge of the work in the district. The superintendents are assisted by supervisors and the districts are further divided into enumeration areas.
The arrangement whereby district administration officials are appointed as census superintendents was first tried in the 1921 census. It is hitherto the most effective means of arranging a census enumeration. These district administration officials are given, among other things, the responsibility of planning the enumeration in their areas. So this includes the finalisation of superintendent Areas which are tentatively drawn by census office staff, drawing up Supervisors Areas and identifying enumeration staff. The importance of local area knowledge is useful in such instances, because these areas need to be arranged in a manner that allows supervisory staff to traverse with minimum difficulty during the census enumeration. Being familiar with their areas and the populace is therefore an advantage.
For the census, the country is divided into districts of which there is a census superintendent, who generally is the district officer, and who takes charge of the work in the district. The superintendents are assisted by supervisors and the districts are further divided into enumeration areas.
The arrangement whereby district administration officials are appointed as census superintendents was first tried in the 1921 census. It is hitherto the most effective means of arranging a census enumeration. These district administration officials are given, among other things, the responsibility of planning the enumeration in their areas. So this includes the finalisation of superintendent Areas which are tentatively drawn by census office staff, drawing up Supervisors Areas and identifying enumeration staff. The importance of local area knowledge is useful in such instances, because these areas need to be arranged in a manner that allows supervisory staff to traverse with minimum difficulty during the census enumeration. Being familiar with their areas and the populace is therefore an advantage.
Type of Research Instrument
The questionnaire's structure is similar to the 1986 one but with new additional questions due to changes in the social and economic charateristics of individuals and households. The questionnaire was developed in English, but enumerators were specifically trained to be able to clearly translate these questions to other languages like Hindi, Chinese and other languages used in the country.
It was designed in 6 parts which are:
1. Person Particulars
2. Economic Activity
3. Fertility
4. Money Activity
5. Disability
6. Household & Housing Characteristics
The topics of questions for each of the 6 parts include:
Person Particulars:
- name
- relationship
- sex
- ethnicity
- religion
- educational attainment
Economic Activity (to all persons 15 years and above):
- economic activity
- economic inactive
- employment status
Fertility:
- Fertility
- Mortality
Money Activity:
- production of cash crops
- fishing
- own account businesses
- handicrafts.
Disability:
- type of disability
- nature of disability
Household and housing:
- electricity
- water
- tenure
- lighting
- cooking
- sanitation
- wealth ownerships
It was designed in 6 parts which are:
1. Person Particulars
2. Economic Activity
3. Fertility
4. Money Activity
5. Disability
6. Household & Housing Characteristics
The topics of questions for each of the 6 parts include:
Person Particulars:
- name
- relationship
- sex
- ethnicity
- religion
- educational attainment
Economic Activity (to all persons 15 years and above):
- economic activity
- economic inactive
- employment status
Fertility:
- Fertility
- Mortality
Money Activity:
- production of cash crops
- fishing
- own account businesses
- handicrafts.
Disability:
- type of disability
- nature of disability
Household and housing:
- electricity
- water
- tenure
- lighting
- cooking
- sanitation
- wealth ownerships
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | FIBOS | Ministry of Finance and National Planning |
Data Processing
Cleaning Operations
-Verification and Coding
The data editing process begins when the enumerators brought back the completed books for checking by the superintendents. This include checks that all fields are correctly filled and ensure that fields that are supposed to be skipped are entered correctly, and so forth. Once the questionnaires are verified to be correct, the questions are then coded to ensure that these could be correctly entered into the data entry screen.
-In-built Editing
The data entry screen was designed in such a way that in-built checks are incorporated to efficiently capture the data. The in-built checks include range checks where any values outside the range for a particular question will prompt the data entry operator that he or she has punched a wrong code. It will also include skip-questions where certain response to a question should determine whether they have to automatically skip the next question or not. For example, all males and females age less than 15 will automatically skip the fertility questions as it is only valid for females aged 15 years and above.
-Secondary Editing
Once all information have been keyed in, edit programs are designed and executed against the data for secondary checking. These checks include hot-decking and imputations if there are some invalid errors detected.
The data editing process begins when the enumerators brought back the completed books for checking by the superintendents. This include checks that all fields are correctly filled and ensure that fields that are supposed to be skipped are entered correctly, and so forth. Once the questionnaires are verified to be correct, the questions are then coded to ensure that these could be correctly entered into the data entry screen.
-In-built Editing
The data entry screen was designed in such a way that in-built checks are incorporated to efficiently capture the data. The in-built checks include range checks where any values outside the range for a particular question will prompt the data entry operator that he or she has punched a wrong code. It will also include skip-questions where certain response to a question should determine whether they have to automatically skip the next question or not. For example, all males and females age less than 15 will automatically skip the fertility questions as it is only valid for females aged 15 years and above.
-Secondary Editing
Once all information have been keyed in, edit programs are designed and executed against the data for secondary checking. These checks include hot-decking and imputations if there are some invalid errors detected.
Other Processing
The data entry was done manually, where 20 operators work in shifts, 10 operators work from 7am-1pm and the second shift from 2pm-6pm. Data entry was done in the head office to allow for easy access to the books.
The data entry screen was designed using the SAS software and random checks were done on individual opearators on their error rate and speed. There were 10 computers used for the data entry.
Once all information was captured, the SAS version of the data was converted into text files as the tabulation and editing of the data was done using the CSPro software. All tabulations from the CSPro system were published in reports.
The data entry screen was designed using the SAS software and random checks were done on individual opearators on their error rate and speed. There were 10 computers used for the data entry.
Once all information was captured, the SAS version of the data was converted into text files as the tabulation and editing of the data was done using the CSPro software. All tabulations from the CSPro system were published in reports.
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
Not Applicable; No Sampling done.
Data Appraisal
A Pilot Census was conducted but unfortunately the data was not processed; hence, the office was not able to evaluate and conduct any data appraisal to gauge whether the data collected is reliable. Nevertheless, the questionnaire was reviewed and revised based on the reports from the enumerators in the Pilot Census.
Data access
Contact
| Name | Affiliation | URI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Government Statistician | Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | [email protected] | www.statsfiji.gov.fj |
Confidentiality Declaration
All information with regards to a respondent or individual are kept confidential under the Census and Statistical Act.
All information are coded in such a manner that no household or individual would be easily identified.
All users of the data will have to sign an agreement or undertaking that:
1. Refrain from making copies or reproduce the data he or she is granted with.
2. Refrain from attempting to identify any person or household from the data he or she is granted with.
3. Refrain from revealing the identification of any individual or household in the data he or she is granted with.
Conditions
The Data is made available under the following conditions:
1. The data will be specifically used for statistical and scientific research purpose ONLY
2. The data is not sold or re-distributed to any other individual, institution or organisation
3. Support of the confidentiality clause in the Act as well as the Agreement.
4. The source has to be acknowledged in all modes of presentation, books, articles, papers, theses, reports or any other publication
5. A copy of all reports, publications and presentations are to be forwarded to the owner of the data.
1. The data will be specifically used for statistical and scientific research purpose ONLY
2. The data is not sold or re-distributed to any other individual, institution or organisation
3. Support of the confidentiality clause in the Act as well as the Agreement.
4. The source has to be acknowledged in all modes of presentation, books, articles, papers, theses, reports or any other publication
5. A copy of all reports, publications and presentations are to be forwarded to the owner of the data.
Citation requirement
"Bureau of Statistics of Fiji Islands, Population and Housing Census 1996 (PHC 1996), Version 01 of the licensed dataset (June 1998), provided by the Pacific Microdata Library. http://pdl.spc.int/index.php/home"
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
All users of data should acknowledge that the Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics bear no responsibility in the interpretation of the data or any inferences done by the users on the data.
Copyright
Parliament of Fiji, Parliamentary Paper No 43 of 1998
Contacts
Contact
| Name | Affiliation | URI | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Head, Information Technology Unit | Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | [email protected] | |
| Chief Statistician (Household Survey Division) | Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | [email protected] | |
| Principal Statistician (Social Statistics Division) | Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | [email protected] | |
| Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | https://www.statsfiji.gov.fj/index.php/contact |
Metadata production
Document ID
DDI_SPC_FJI_1996_PHC_v01_M
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Asikinasa Toga Raikoti(Principal Statistician (C&D)) | FIBOS | Fiji Islands Bureau of Statistics | Documentation of Study |
| Sophal Chuong | UNESCAP | United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific | Review of documentation |
| Daniel Clarke | UNESCAP | United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific | Review of documentation |
| Statistics for Development Division | SDD | Pacific Community | Documentation of the study |
Date of Production
2008-03
Document version
Version 02 (18/02/2019): adaptation and modification of the version 01 done during the Fiji Training in March 2008. Main update was the generation of unique identifiers in the Household dataset and documentation of the datasets at variable level.